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The
process begins by choosing a design or standard pattern including shape and
size. Materials are also gathered or purchased, and the necessary tools for
working those materials are assembled. If the fibers are such that they need to
be soaked, then soaking is done in advance of basket making, depending on the
nature of the fiber. Fibers are also dyed in advance of weaving or coiling.
If
the design calls for a wood base, the base is shaped, and holes are bored in
the wood to accommodate the spokes forming the sides of the basket.
A
basket is built from the ground up. Its base or bottom is made first. For a
round basket with a flat bottom (as an example of any of hundreds of types of
baskets that may be manufactured), the base is made by laying out a series of
spokes that are stiff and work like rods to support more flexible woven
material. Other rods called weavers are woven in and out among the spokes; the
weavers are lighter, thinner, and more flexible, so that they can be woven and
so they won’t be strong enough to distort the spokes.
The
sides of this kind of basket can be formed in either of two ways. Initially,
the spokes for the base can be cut to be long enough to form the sides as well.
When the base is finished, the spokes are soaked to soften them, squeezed with
pliers at the perimeter of the base, and then bent up to form the sides.
The
sides are also formed by cutting side spokes and weaving them down through the
base perimeter fibers and then up again so they form side spokes. Side spokes
are essential if the base spokes are large. The sides are then woven with
flexible weavers that are passed over and under the side spokes. Again, these
weavers need to be smaller than the material forming the spokes so the spokes
are not distorted. The side spokes are longer than the finished basket is tall;
the remaining ends of the spokes are used to finish the top edge of the basket
with a border. The spoke ends need to be soaked before the border can be made
so the spokes can more easily be woven in and out of each other and the ends
turned down into the basket sides.
The
handle of the basket is chosen of the best available reed to be strong,
durable, attractive, and relatively smooth to the touch so it can be held. The
ends of the handle reeds are soaked in water and threaded down into the sides
of the basket. The over-lap has to be long enough to prevent the handle from
pulling out of the sides when the basket is filled and used.
If
the basket has a lid, the lid is made in the same manner as the base, but the
rods and weavers should be of the same sizes as those in the sides of the
basket to match the appearance of the basket.
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